Turkey

Where it is on record

Aid is drawn at each country's interior point, sized by ten years of commitments; the CRS names no town or site, so a country point is the honest place. The placed works sit where their publishers put them: the company's own coordinates where its page gives them, otherwise the named town, corridor or port. Power units carry Global Energy Monitor's coordinates and the map's status colours. Debt owed to Turkey is off until switched on.

The works and the power units overlap where they are the same thing: Karpowership's Ghana, Senegal, Mozambique and Sudan vessels are both a company page and a GEM unit, and the Eximbank-financed Awash railway is also on Yapı Merkezi's page. Each row keeps its own source rather than being merged.

Aid activities: OECD Creditor Reporting System

Turkey reports its aid to the OECD at activity level, as DAC members do: every record carries the recipient, a five-digit purpose code, a channel, a finance type and the dollars committed and disbursed. The records are reliable where they are precise. Every one is reported by the central government, nearly all as a standard grant committed and disbursed in the same year; the largest single lines are budget support to Somalia, scholarships and the training of teachers and police. The "construction" lines are schools, clinics, wells and cultural buildings in the low hundreds of thousands of dollars.

What the records cannot say is where. The titles are a controlled vocabulary of 161 phrases for 4,298 records, so two activities called "Construction of social, economic or cultural facilities" in the same country and year cannot be told apart, and 0 of them name a town or a site. The map's own lender filter does not carry Turkey for that reason: the records are country-year aid, not projects with a place, and are kept off the project map on purpose.

Records that build something

Purpose codes for transport, energy, water, industry and basic health and education facilities, plus titles that mention building, renovating, drilling or equipping: 907 records, USD 108 m, over the ten years. Small by the standard of the map's other lenders, and the only part of the Turkish record that is infrastructure in the map's sense.

Placed works: the publishers' own pages

No register exists, so the works are read one page at a time. Türk Eximbank publishes eight "sample transactions" with the loan and the project cost, and no loan list. Summa and Yapı Merkezi publish their project portfolios, Summa with coordinates on some pages. Karpowership publishes one page per country with the vessel's megawatts, start year and share of national demand. Global Energy Monitor's power tracker, which the map already draws, holds 15 units with a Turkish owner. Well-known works without a company or lender page, such as Albayrak's Mogadishu port, Favori's Mogadishu airport, Tosyalı's Oran steelworks and Kalyon's Bamako bus corridor, are left out until they can be read the same way.

Country-year series: investment stock, net aid, debt

Three official series describe Turkish money in Africa one country and one year at a time. The OECD's FDI positions give Turkey's outward direct-investment stock by partner country; Algeria carries it, with Tosyalı's steelworks and textile plants, and the latest year reads as a partial revision for several countries, so the previous year is often the safer one to quote. The DAC2a table gives net ODA by recipient, which matches TİKA's own annual report to the decimal. The World Bank's debt statistics give what each government owes Turkish creditors: the Eximbank buyer's credits above, from Ethiopia's railway to Senegal's Diamniadio complex.

Direct-investment stock by partner country

Net ODA by recipient

Over 2010–2024 Turkey's net ODA to Africa came to USD 2.47 bn, of which Somalia alone took USD 1.03 bn. The two negative years are real: about USD 1 bn of central-bank deposits to Egypt booked as concessional loans in 2012–13, repaid in 2016–17, and visible again below as debt owed to Turkey by Egypt from 2012 to 2017.

Debt owed to Turkey

World Bank International Debt Statistics, counterpart 055: all public and publicly guaranteed debt to creditors there, the state and its banks together (series DPPG, as on the debt page), with the bilateral official part beside it. Sovereign and sovereign-guaranteed borrowing only: lending to private borrowers, and to countries that do not report to the Debtor Reporting System (Libya, Somalia), is outside the series.

How to read this page

One record is

In the aid tables, one CRS activity as Turkey reports it: one recipient, one purpose code, one year, with its commitment and disbursement. In the works table, one entry on a publisher's page: an Eximbank transaction, a Summa or Yapı Merkezi contract, a Karpowership deployment, a GEM power unit. In the series, one country and one year.

Status

Works carry the status their page states, mapped to the map's vocabulary: built and operating are operating, under way is under construction, planned is announced, a contract that has ended is drawn as stalled (grey) and labelled as ended. GEM units use the map's own mapping. Aid activities have no status: a Turkish grant is committed and disbursed in the same year.

Money

CRS commitments and disbursements are in current US dollars as reported; the constant-price rows the OECD also publishes are left out. Net ODA is current prices. FDI stock is the OECD's net position, all resident units, immediate counterpart, converted at exchange rates by the OECD. Debt is the World Bank's public and publicly guaranteed stock owed to the lender's creditors, the state and its banks together, as the debt page counts it, with the bilateral official part, the state's own claims, beside it. None of these is a project value and none is added to the map's lenders.

Location

Aid and the three series are drawn at the country's interior point, the same point the map uses for records placed no finer than the country. The works use the company's coordinates where its page gives them (ten of Summa's) and otherwise the named town, corridor or port, placed by hand and said so in each row.

Not here, and why

• TİKA, Turkey's development agency, publishes no project register, only news posts (645 on 25 African countries) and an annual report whose country table is the OECD's own; it is not an IATI publisher.
• Türk Eximbank publishes no loan list; its annual reports give country totals in prose. The eight showcase transactions here are the whole public record at project level.
• The Turkish Contractors Association and the Ministry of Trade publish shares and totals (12,478 projects and USD 534 bn abroad since 1972, Africa 18.1% of it); the project-level system behind those numbers is not public.
• AidData has no Turkey release; its old core data for Turkey were the OECD's own CRS rows.
• Think-tank reports (Atlantic Council, APRI, CeSPI, IEEE) cite the OECD, TurkStat and the press, and ship no data annex.
• The OECD's bulk CRS files sit behind a browser challenge; the page uses the SDMX microdata query instead, which returns the same rows.

Sources and licences

• OECD, Creditor Reporting System, Turkey as provider (DAC code 55), activity-level microdata through the SDMX API, dataflow DSD_CRS@DF_CRS; OECD terms of use, free reuse with attribution.
• OECD, DAC2a, net ODA disbursements by recipient (measure 206), current prices, dataflow DSD_DAC2@DF_DAC2A.
• OECD, FDI positions by partner country (Benchmark Definition, 4th edition), Turkey outward, dataflow DSD_FDI@DF_FDI_POS_CTRY.
• World Bank, International Debt Statistics, source 6, counterpart area 055, series DT.DOD.DPPG.CD, DT.COM.DPPG.CD and DT.DIS.DPPG.CD (all creditors in Turkey), with DT.DOD.BLAT.CD (bilateral official) beside them; CC BY 4.0, release of 3 Dec 2025.
• Türk Eximbank sample transactions page; Summa, Yapı Merkezi and Karpowership project pages, read 7 October 2026, linked from each row.
• Global Energy Monitor, Global Integrated Power Tracker, as the map draws it; CC BY 4.0.

Download

Everything on this page, with the aid aggregates by country, year and purpose, the three series per country and the works with their coordinates: turkey.json. The OECD and World Bank series are re-fetched with every data refresh; the works table lives in the fetcher's source and changes when a page is re-read.