Nordic countries
Five providers, read as one: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. 18,216 activities with an African recipient for 2018–2024, USD 19.75 bn committed, all of it grants (0 loans); by provider, Sweden USD 7,896 m, Norway USD 6,725 m, Denmark USD 3,605 m, Finland USD 1,451 m, Iceland USD 72 m. The largest purpose is Material relief assistance and services, USD 1,678 m; Uganda, Somalia and Ethiopia receive the most.
The Nordic footprint on the ground is one company's: Scatec, the Norwegian developer, owns 65 of the power units with a Nordic owner in the map's layer, solar and hydro from Egypt's Benban to South Africa, Rwanda and Mozambique, with Norfund, Finnfund, KLP and Denmark's Frontier Energy fund beside it, and Equinor in two pipeline segments. Direct-investment stock is USD 6.6 bn where the five report it; Norway and Sweden publish no African partner. What African governments owe creditors in the five is USD 672 m at the end of 2024, USD 224 m of it to the five states.
OECD CRS activities 2018–2024 and DAC2a net ODA 2010–2024 and FDI positions 2015–2024 (Denmark, Finland, Iceland), fetched 14 Oct 2026 · World Bank International Debt Statistics to 2024, release of 3 Dec 2025 · Global Energy Monitor as on the map
- 18,216
- aid activities in Africa, 2018–2024: USD 19.75 bn committed, 0 loans
- USD 6,410 m
- of it for things that get built, 5,206 records over the seven years
- USD 6.6 bn
- Nordic direct-investment stock in Africa at the end of 2024 where reported: Denmark, Finland and Iceland; Norway and Sweden publish no African partner
- USD 672 m
- owed to Nordic creditors by 12 governments at the end of 2024, Ethiopia first; 65 power units with a Nordic owner in the map's layers
Where it is on record
Aid is drawn at each country's interior point, sized by seven years of commitments; the CRS carries no coordinates, so a country point is the honest place. Power units with a Nordic owner sit at Global Energy Monitor's coordinates in the map's status colours. Debt owed to the Nordic countries is off until switched on.
The five providers are summed in the bubbles; the per-provider split is in the chart below. Norfund's and Swedfund's company investments, and Norway's and Sweden's investment stocks, have no country-level open series, so the ground footprint is what GEM's owner field holds.
Aid activities per year
Nordic CRS records with an African recipient, 2018–2024, count.
Aid commitments per year
USD million, current prices, the same records.
Net ODA from the Nordic countries to Africa, 2010–2024
USD million, current prices, OECD DAC2a.
Nordic direct-investment stock by country, end 2024
USD million, OECD FDI positions, outward, immediate counterpart.
Where the aid goes, by purpose
Top purpose codes by USD committed, 2018–2024.
Top recipient countries
USD million committed, 2018–2024.
Who gives: the five providers
USD million committed 2018–2024 with the number of activities, by provider.
Aid activities: OECD Creditor Reporting System
Each of the five reports to the OECD at activity level: Danida, the Finnish foreign ministry, Iceland's agency, Norad and the Norwegian foreign ministry, Sida. Together they give 9,163 distinct titles for 18,216 records, grants to governments, multilateral trust funds and NGOs, with climate, energy access, governance and humanitarian aid the recurring purposes. Norway's and Sweden's records are the largest.
The purpose codes are the reliable part. The descriptions often name a region or a town (7,228 records mention one), but the CRS carries no coordinates, so the aid is drawn at country points and kept off the project map.
| Year | Recipient | USD m | Purpose | Title · description | CRS id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | Uganda | 301.09 | Hydro-electric power plants 23220 | Investment in SN Power AS - Uganda The company is a niche investor in hydropower and wind in emerging markets, with focus on specific countries in Africa and Asia. | 2018900048 |
| 2021 | Africa unspecified | 182.28 | Hydro-electric power plants 23220 | Klinchenberg Klinchenberg is a subsidiary of Norfund that is the vehicle for Norfund's joint venture with Scatec for hydropower development in Africa. Together with Scatec the company owns a stake in the Bujagali hydropower asset in … | 2021900098 |
| 2023 | Africa unspecified | 94.70 | Fishery development 31320 | EAF-Nansen programme 2024-2028 The impact of the Programme: People in partner countries are food and nutrition secure and less poor as a result of improved utilization of the goods and services marine ecosystems can provide.Outcome 1: Fishery research… | 2023000877 |
| 2020 | Sub-Saharan Africa unspecified | 92.95 | Environmental policy and administrative management 41010 | Gabon Result based payment- CAFI 3 REDD+ support to result based payment partnership in Gabon aiming at paying for verfied results based on reduction of climate gaz emission and supporting a national investment plan. | 2020001475 |
| 2021 | Tanzania | 87.44 | Education policy and administrative management 11110 | Education Program for Result EPforR II Mainland Tanzania - Education Program for Result EP4R II Mainland The Government of Tanzania has applied for funding of 760 million SEK to support the implementation of the Education Sector Development Plan (ESDP) during the Tanzanian fiscal years 2021/2022 to 2025/2026. The intervent… | 2021060544A |
| 2023 | Africa unspecified | 71.08 | Forest industries 32162 | African Forestry Impact Platform (AFIP) The African Forestry Impact Platform (AFIP) is a large scale , professionally managed, long term investment vehicle that catalyzes growth of African forestry and attracts commercial capital. AFIP's mandate is to invest i… | 2023900032 |
| 2018 | Sub-Saharan Africa unspecified | 64.98 | Forestry development 31220 | Green Resources USD Green Resources is a forestry company operating in Tanzania, Mozambique, Uganda and South Sudan. It has plantations and sawmills. It's business is plantation, carbon offset, forest products and renewable energy. The comp… | 2018900003 |
| 2021 | Somalia | 58.78 | Multisector aid 43010 | UN MPTF Phase III The Somalia UN MPTF is a UNDP administered multi donor/partner trust fund that Sweden has been supporting since 2015. It is a key mechanism for financing UN Joint Programmes, and it is aligned to Somalia s National Devel… | 2021060099A |
| 2021 | Tanzania | 52.47 | Social protection 16010 | Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN) phase two The Productive Social Safety Net Project (PSSN II) is expected to contribute to Tanzania s efforts to eradicate extreme poverty and provide beneficiary households the opportunity to: (i) mitigate the impact of chronic po… | 2021060274A |
| 2022 | Africa unspecified | 52.01 | Energy generation, renewable sources - multiple technologies 23210 | SUPPORT TO THE AFRICAN TRADE INSURANCE AGENCY'S REGIONAL LIQUIDITY SUPPORT FACILITY (RLSF) AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SECTOR INITIATIVES Funding for provision of first loss capital to back liquidity gurantees issued by African trade Insurance Agency to mobilize investments into renewable projects | 2022000855 |
| 2020 | Kenya | 50.44 | Human rights 15160 | Kenya bilateral programme- democratic governance, human rights, including SRHR, and equitable access to services Development Engagements in support of democratic governance, human rights, including SRHR, and equitable access to services | 2020000385 |
| 2024 | Africa unspecified | 49.39 | Energy generation, renewable sources - multiple technologies 23210 | Globeleq Globeleq is a leading independent power producer in Africa. It develops, owns and operates power plants utilising various technologies across the African continent. The company is head quartered in London and has operati… | 2024900022 |
| 2019 | Sub-Saharan Africa unspecified | 48.87 | Natural gas-fired electric power plants 23340 | Globeleq Africa Globeleq Africa is an operating power company, actively developing energy projects across sub-Saharan Africa. It has eight major generating assets in Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Kenya, South Africa and Tanzania with a tota… | 2015900017 |
| 2023 | Africa unspecified | 47.10 | Forestry development 31220 | ODA equity through Finnfund PE fund designed to lead the rationalisation, restructuring and growth of the African forestry sector. | 2023235001 |
| 2021 | Northern Africa unspecified | 46.98 | Formal sector financial intermediaries 24030 | European Bank for Reconstruction and Development High Impact Partnership on Climate Action EBRD has established a dedicated partnership - the ?High Impact Partnership on Climate Action? that builds synergies and aggregates ambitions to achieve scaled-up climate impact in the Bank?s countries of operation (COOs… | 2021210009 |
Records that build something
Purpose codes for transport, energy, water and the facility codes of health and education, plus titles that mention building, renovating or drilling: 5,206 records, USD 6,410 m, over the seven years.
| Year | Recipient | USD m | Purpose | Title · description | CRS id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | Uganda | 301.09 | Hydro-electric power plants 23220 | Investment in SN Power AS - Uganda The company is a niche investor in hydropower and wind in emerging markets, with focus on specific countries in Africa and Asia. | 2018900048 |
| 2021 | Africa unspecified | 182.28 | Hydro-electric power plants 23220 | Klinchenberg Klinchenberg is a subsidiary of Norfund that is the vehicle for Norfund's joint venture with Scatec for hydropower development in Africa. Together with Scatec the company owns a stake in the Bujagali hydropower asset in … | 2021900098 |
| 2021 | Tanzania | 87.44 | Education policy and administrative management 11110 | Education Program for Result EPforR II Mainland Tanzania - Education Program for Result EP4R II Mainland The Government of Tanzania has applied for funding of 760 million SEK to support the implementation of the Education Sector Development Plan (ESDP) during the Tanzanian fiscal years 2021/2022 to 2025/2026. The intervent… | 2021060544A |
| 2021 | Somalia | 58.78 | Multisector aid 43010 | UN MPTF Phase III The Somalia UN MPTF is a UNDP administered multi donor/partner trust fund that Sweden has been supporting since 2015. It is a key mechanism for financing UN Joint Programmes, and it is aligned to Somalia s National Devel… | 2021060099A |
| 2021 | Tanzania | 52.47 | Social protection 16010 | Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN) phase two The Productive Social Safety Net Project (PSSN II) is expected to contribute to Tanzania s efforts to eradicate extreme poverty and provide beneficiary households the opportunity to: (i) mitigate the impact of chronic po… | 2021060274A |
| 2022 | Africa unspecified | 52.01 | Energy generation, renewable sources - multiple technologies 23210 | SUPPORT TO THE AFRICAN TRADE INSURANCE AGENCY'S REGIONAL LIQUIDITY SUPPORT FACILITY (RLSF) AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SECTOR INITIATIVES Funding for provision of first loss capital to back liquidity gurantees issued by African trade Insurance Agency to mobilize investments into renewable projects | 2022000855 |
| 2024 | Africa unspecified | 49.39 | Energy generation, renewable sources - multiple technologies 23210 | Globeleq Globeleq is a leading independent power producer in Africa. It develops, owns and operates power plants utilising various technologies across the African continent. The company is head quartered in London and has operati… | 2024900022 |
| 2019 | Sub-Saharan Africa unspecified | 48.87 | Natural gas-fired electric power plants 23340 | Globeleq Africa Globeleq Africa is an operating power company, actively developing energy projects across sub-Saharan Africa. It has eight major generating assets in Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Kenya, South Africa and Tanzania with a tota… | 2015900017 |
| 2021 | South Africa | 46.92 | Wind energy 23240 | H1 Pele SPV H1 Pele SPV- Renewable energy and development company | 2021900040 |
| 2022 | South Africa | 42.79 | Solar energy for centralised grids 23230 | H1 Kenhardt H1 Kenhardt will be the largest solar and battery storage project in Africa situated in the Northern Cape in South Africa. The Kenhardt projects will have an installed solar PV capacity of 540MW and battery storage capac… | 2022900053 |
| 2023 | Zambia | 38.69 | Energy generation, renewable sources - multiple technologies 23210 | Copperbelt Energy Corporation Copperbelt Energy Corporation is a generation and transmission utility operating in the Copperbelt area of Zambia and Katanga Province of DRC. The company is expanding its portfolio of renewables projects. | 2023900054 |
| 2024 | Zambia | 38.52 | Electric power transmission and distribution (centralised grids) 23630 | Copperbelt Energy Corporation Copperbelt Energy Corporation is a generation and transmission utility operating in the Copperbelt area of Zambia and Katanga Province of DRC. The company is expanding its portfolio of renewables projects. | 2024900074 |
Power units with a Nordic owner
The map's power layer carries an owner field; this table is those records filtered for a Nordic company. Scatec dominates: its solar plants under Egypt's and South Africa's procurement rounds, its hydro in Uganda, Rwanda and Mozambique, and a release-and-restart history that the status column shows. Norfund and Finnfund hold stakes beside it, KLP and Frontier Energy as investors, Wärtsilä as an engine supplier that kept a plant, and Equinor in two pipeline segments.
| Asset | Country | Kind | Owners | Status | Detail | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mmadinare Solar Complex (unit 2) | Botswana | Power unit | Scatec ASA [100%] | 60 MW, PV, from 2026 | GEM | |
| Mmadinare Solar Complex | Botswana | Power unit | Scatec ASA [100%] | 60 MW, PV, from 2025 | GEM | |
| Selebi-Phikwe solar farm | Botswana | Power unit | Scatec ASA [100%] | Announced | 100 MW, PV | GEM |
| Guider solar farm | Cameroon | Power unit | Scatec ASA | 18 MW, PV, from 2023 | GEM | |
| Guider solar farm (unit extension) | Cameroon | Power unit | Scatec ASA | Under construction | 9 MW, PV | GEM |
| Maroua solar farm (unit Extension) | Cameroon | Power unit | Scatec ASA | Under construction | 20 MW, PV | GEM |
| Maroua solar farm | Cameroon | Power unit | Scatec ASA | 18 MW, PV, from 2023 | GEM | |
| Klessoum solar farm | Chad | Power unit | Scatec ASA | 35 MW, Assumed PV, from 2025 | GEM | |
| Ain Sokhna Solar | Egypt | Power unit | Scatec ASA; Egypt Green Ammonia Co | Stalled | 100 MW, PV | GEM |
| Benban Scatec solar farm (unit PV 4) | Egypt | Power unit | Africa50 SA; Scatec ASA; KLP Norfund Investments AS | 65 MW, PV, from 2019 | GEM | |
| Benban Scatec solar farm (unit PV 5) | Egypt | Power unit | Africa50 SA; Scatec ASA; KLP Norfund Investments AS | 65 MW, PV, from 2019 | GEM | |
| Benban Scatec solar farm (unit PV 2) | Egypt | Power unit | KLP Norfund Investments AS; Scatec ASA; Africa50 SA | 65 MW, PV, from 2019 | GEM | |
| Benban Scatec solar farm (unit PV 1) | Egypt | Power unit | Africa50 SA; Scatec ASA; KLP Norfund Investments AS | 65 MW, PV, from 2019 | GEM | |
| Benban Scatec solar farm (unit PV 3) | Egypt | Power unit | Africa50 SA; Scatec ASA; KLP Norfund Investments AS | 65 MW, PV, from 2019 | GEM | |
| Benban Scatec solar farm (unit PV 6) | Egypt | Power unit | Africa50 SA; Scatec ASA; KLP Norfund Investments AS | 65 MW, PV, from 2019 | GEM | |
| Damietta Green Methanol wind farm | Egypt | Power unit | Alexandria National Refining and Petrochemical Company (ANRPC); Scatec ASA | Under construction | 120 MW, Unknown | GEM |
| Damietta green methanol solar farm | Egypt | Power unit | Alexandria National Refining and Petrochemical Company (ANRPC); Scatec ASA | Announced | 40 MW, Assumed PV | GEM |
| Egypt Aluminium solar farm | Egypt | Power unit | Scatec ASA [100%] | Approved | 500 MW, PV | GEM |
| Egypt Aluminium solar farm (unit 2) | Egypt | Power unit | Scatec ASA [100%] | Approved | 500 MW, PV | GEM |
| Egypt Green solar farm | Egypt | Power unit | Egypt's Sovereign Fund; Scatec ASA; Fertiglobe | Under construction | 130 MW, Assumed PV | GEM |
| Obelisk solar farm (unit 2) | Egypt | Power unit | Scatec ASA [100%] | Approved | 564 MW, PV, from 2026 | GEM |
| Obelisk solar farm | Egypt | Power unit | Scatec ASA [100%] | Under construction | 561 MW, PV, from 2026 | GEM |
| Port Said Green Methanol solar farm | Egypt | Power unit | Scatec ASA | Announced | 140 MW, Assumed PV, from 2027 | GEM |
| Port Said Green Methanol wind farm | Egypt | Power unit | Scatec ASA | Announced | 317 MW, Onshore, from 2027 | GEM |
| West Sohag wind farm | Egypt | Power unit | Scatec ASA [100%] | Approved | 5,000 MW, Onshore | GEM |
| Orinko power plant | Gabon | Power unit | Gabon Power Co [40%]; MP Energy [21%]; Wärtsilä Diesel Development Corp [5%]; Africa50 SA [33%] | Under construction | 125 MW, unknown, from 2027 | GEM |
| Akiira One geothermal power plant | Kenya | Power unit | Frontier Energy [100%] | Approved | 70 MW, binary cycle | GEM |
| Akiira One geothermal power plant (unit 2) | Kenya | Power unit | Frontier Energy [100%] | Approved | 70 MW, binary cycle | GEM |
| Esidai wind farm | Kenya | Power unit | Frontier Energy II [100%] | Approved | 50 MW, Onshore | GEM |
| Lake Turkana wind farm (unit 2) | Kenya | Power unit | Sandpiper Ltd; Anergi Turkana Investments Ltd; Danish Climate Investment Fund (DCIF); Blackrock Alternatives; KP&P Africa BV; Finnfund | 260 MW, Onshore, from 2019 | GEM | |
| Lake Turkana wind farm | Kenya | Power unit | Sandpiper Ltd; Anergi Turkana Investments Ltd; Danish Climate Investment Fund (DCIF); Blackrock Alternatives; KP&P Africa BV; Finnfund | 50 MW, Onshore, from 2019 | GEM | |
| Neo 1 solar farm | Lesotho | Power unit | Lesotho Pension Fund; Scatec ASA; One Power Lesotho; Izuba Energy; KLP Norfund Investments AS | Stalled | 20 MW, PV | GEM |
| Duazon solar farm | Liberia | Power unit | Scatec ASA | Announced | 24 MW, Assumed PV | GEM |
| Liberia (SCATEC) solar farm | Liberia | Power unit | Scatec ASA | Announced | 20 MW, Assumed PV | GEM |
| Bwengu solar farm | Malawi | Power unit | Frontier Energy; Vidullanka PLC; Quantel Renewable Energy | Under construction | 50 MW, PV | GEM |
| Mpatamanga Gorge hydroelectric plant | Malawi | Power unit | EDF Energy Ltd [27%]; unknown [1%]; British International Investment PLC [13%]; Scatec ASA [14%]; Norwegian Norfund [13%]; Electricity Generation Co (Malawi) Ltd [30%] | Approved | 359 MW, conventional storage, from 2031 | GEM |
| Mzimba wind farm | Malawi | Power unit | Droege Energy; Frontier Energy II | Approved | 50 MW, Onshore | GEM |
| Segou solar farm | Mali | Power unit | Africa Power; IFC InfraVentures; Scatec ASA | Approved | 33 MW, PV | GEM |
| Inhambane wind farm | Mozambique | Power unit | Frontier Energy II [100%] | Approved | 30 MW, Unknown, from 2026 | GEM |
| Jigawa (Scatec) solar farm | Nigeria | Power unit | Business Process Solutions (BPS); Scatec ASA; CPCS Development International LTD (CDIL) | Stalled | 80 MW, PV | GEM |
| Nova Scotia NG solar farm | Nigeria | Power unit | Scatec ASA [100%] | Stalled | 100 MW, PV | GEM |
| Água Casada solar farm | Sao Tome and Principe | Power unit | Scatec ASA | 11 MW, Assumed PV | GEM | |
| Planet Solar Energy Project solar farm (unit Makoth) | Sierra Leone | Power unit | Frontier Energy II | Under construction | 25 MW, PV | GEM |
| Planet Solar Energy Project solar farm (unit BO/Kenema) | Sierra Leone | Power unit | Frontier Energy II | Under construction | 12 MW, PV | GEM |
| Planet Solar Energy Project solar farm (unit Kono) | Sierra Leone | Power unit | Frontier Energy II | Under construction | 10 MW, PV | GEM |
| Planet Solar Energy Project solar farm (unit Port Loko) | Sierra Leone | Power unit | Frontier Energy II | Approved | 4 MW, PV | GEM |
| Sierra Leone (Scatec) solar farm | Sierra Leone | Power unit | Scatec ASA | Announced | 40 MW, Assumed PV | GEM |
| Dreunberg solar farm | South Africa | Power unit | STANLIB [10%]; Simacel [20%]; Community Owned - Simacel Community Trust [25%]; Scatec ASA [12%] | 75 MW, PV, from 2014 | GEM | |
| Grootfontein PV solar farm (unit 3) | South Africa | Power unit | H1 Holdings Pty Ltd [46%]; Scatec ASA [51%] | 75 MW, PV, from 2025 | GEM | |
| Grootfontein PV solar farm (unit 2) | South Africa | Power unit | H1 Holdings Pty Ltd [46%]; Scatec ASA [51%] | 75 MW, PV, from 2025 | GEM | |
| Grootfontein PV solar farm | South Africa | Power unit | H1 Holdings Pty Ltd [46%]; Scatec ASA [51%] | 75 MW, PV, from 2025 | GEM | |
| Kalkbult solar farm | South Africa | Power unit | Old Mutual Ltd [10%]; STANLIB [10%]; Community Owned - Kalkbult Community Trust [20%]; Scatec ASA [13%] | 75 MW, PV, from 2013 | GEM | |
| Kenhardt solar farm | South Africa | Power unit | H1 Holdings Pty Ltd [49%]; Scatec ASA [51%] | 180 MW, PV, from 2024 | GEM | |
| Kenhardt solar farm (unit 3) | South Africa | Power unit | H1 Holdings Pty Ltd [49%]; Scatec ASA [51%] | 180 MW, PV, from 2024 | GEM | |
| Kenhardt solar farm (unit 2) | South Africa | Power unit | H1 Holdings Pty Ltd [49%]; Scatec ASA [51%] | 180 MW, PV, from 2024 | GEM | |
| Kroonstad PV Cluster solar farm (unit Leeuwspruit) | South Africa | Power unit | Scatec ASA [50%]; other [2%]; Greenstreet and Redstreet [46%] | Announced | 260 MW, Assumed PV | GEM |
| Kroonstad PV Cluster solar farm (unit Oslaagte Solar 3) | South Africa | Power unit | Scatec ASA [50%]; other [2%]; Greenstreet and Redstreet [46%] | Announced | 240 MW, PV | GEM |
| Kroonstad PV Cluster solar farm (unit Oslaagte Solar 2) | South Africa | Power unit | Scatec ASA [50%]; other [2%]; Greenstreet and Redstreet [46%] | Announced | 240 MW, PV | GEM |
| Linde solar farm | South Africa | Power unit | unknown [25%]; Community Owned - Linde Community Trust; Scatec ASA [12%]; Old Mutual Ltd [10%]; STANLIB [10%] | 40 MW, Assumed PV, from 2014 | GEM | |
| Upington solar farm | South Africa | Power unit | H1 Holdings Pty Ltd [35%]; Scatec ASA [42%]; Norwegian Investment Fund for developing countries [18%]; Community Owned - Upington Community Trust [5%] | 86 MW, PV, from 2020 | GEM | |
| Upington solar farm (unit 2) | South Africa | Power unit | H1 Holdings Pty Ltd [35%]; Scatec ASA [42%]; Norwegian Investment Fund for developing countries [18%]; Community Owned - Upington Community Trust [5%] | 86 MW, PV, from 2020 | GEM | |
| Upington solar farm (unit 3) | South Africa | Power unit | H1 Holdings Pty Ltd [35%]; Scatec ASA [42%]; Norwegian Investment Fund for developing countries [18%]; Community Owned - Upington Community Trust [5%] | 86 MW, PV, from 2020 | GEM | |
| Sidi Bouzid Solar Plant 1 | Tunisia | Power unit | Scatec ASA [100%] | 10 MW, PV | GEM | |
| Sidi Bouzid-Scatec solar farm | Tunisia | Power unit | AEOLUS SAS [49%]; Scatec ASA [51%] | Under construction | 50 MW, PV | GEM |
| Tozeur-Scatec solar farm (unit ---) | Tunisia | Power unit | AEOLUS SAS [49%]; Scatec ASA [51%] | Under construction | 50 MW, PV | GEM |
| In Salah Gas Pipeline | Algeria | Gas pipeline | Sonatrach SpA [35.00%]; BP PLC [33.15%]; Equinor ASA [31.85%] | 1 segment, 520 km drawn, from 2003 | GEM | |
| El Sharara-Az-Zawiyah Oil Pipeline | Libya | Oil pipeline | National Oil Corp [88.00%]; Equinor ASA [unknown %]; OMV AG [unknown %]; Repsol SA [unknown %]; TotalEnergies SE [unknown %] | 1 segment, 725 km drawn, from 1998 | GEM |
Country-year series: investment stock, net aid, debt
Three official series describe Nordic money in Africa one country and one year at a time, the first only in part. The OECD's FDI positions carry African partners for Denmark, Finland and Iceland; Norway and Sweden report none at this level, so their investors (Norfund, Scatec, Equinor, Swedfund) are visible only in the owner field. The DAC2a table gives net ODA by recipient, summed over the five. The World Bank's debt statistics give what each government owes creditors in the five, which is little: these are grant providers.
Direct-investment stock by partner country
| Partner country | 2015 | 2019 | 2023 | 2024 | Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angola | 4,472.0 | 1,374.5 | -233.0 | -589.5 | |
| South Africa | 1,354.9 | 3,011.5 | 3,161.6 | 3,301.5 | |
| Algeria | 1,928.7 | 900.9 | 558.1 | 456.7 | |
| Tanzania | 952.3 | 937.9 | 439.5 | 485.1 | |
| Morocco | 468.4 | 249.9 | 140.7 | 947.8 | |
| Egypt | 798.0 | 269.8 | 808.4 | 485.9 | |
| Liberia | 620.5 | 508.1 | 262.9 | 217.6 | |
| Ghana | 116.2 | 319.9 | 293.1 | 254.3 | |
| Mauritius | 45.2 | -28.3 | 496.9 | 68.2 | |
| Kenya | 103.5 | 246.2 | 290.0 | 215.8 | |
| Nigeria | -20.5 | -402.7 | -247.7 | 64.5 | |
| DR Congo | 4.0 | 44.3 | 121.3 | 175.6 | |
| Uganda | 51.7 | 105.4 | 114.7 | 134.5 | |
| Zambia | 3.0 | 110.9 | 44.0 | 88.2 | |
| Niger | 1.0 | 20.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Senegal | 5.4 | 42.2 | 75.4 | 45.3 |
Net ODA by recipient
Over 2010–2024 net ODA from the Nordic countries to Africa came to USD 42.24 bn; Tanzania received the most.
| Recipient | 2024 | 2010–2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Tanzania | 116.92 | 3,675.8 |
| Mozambique | 142.30 | 3,142.7 |
| Somalia | 183.05 | 2,799.2 |
| Ethiopia | 199.38 | 2,750.9 |
| Uganda | 119.48 | 2,363.5 |
| Kenya | 137.46 | 2,178.0 |
| South Sudan | 100.58 | 2,097.0 |
| DR Congo | 133.79 | 1,859.0 |
| Sudan | 162.82 | 1,469.6 |
| Zambia | 55.01 | 1,451.8 |
| Mali | 49.09 | 1,407.0 |
| Malawi | 63.53 | 1,148.1 |
| Burkina Faso | 72.22 | 1,129.2 |
| Zimbabwe | 42.85 | 993.5 |
| Liberia | 35.50 | 855.6 |
| Ghana | 18.29 | 701.8 |
Debt owed to the Nordic countries
| Debtor | Owed, latest | of which bilateral official | Year | Peak stock | Peak year | Largest annual disbursement | Year | New loans since 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nigeria | 262.6 | 262.6 | 2005 | 488.7 | 2004 | 34.9 | 1984 | none |
| Ethiopia | 188.1 | – | 2024 | 188.1 | 2024 | 167.5 | 2015 | 2014 · USD 400.0 m 2020 · USD 143.9 m |
| Zimbabwe | 136.1 | 88.5 | 2024 | 272.1 | 1994 | 61.5 | 1993 | 2003 · USD 0.7 m 2004 · USD 2.1 m 2010 · USD 0.2 m |
| DR Congo | 136.1 | 136.1 | 2009 | 155.4 | 1991 | 42.6 | 1977 | none |
| Zambia | 121.1 | – | 2024 | 170.6 | 2017 | 79.1 | 2015 | 2014 · USD 203.2 m |
| Sudan | 81.0 | 81.0 | 2024 | 207.5 | 2007 | 76.3 | 2000 | none |
| Algeria | 76.7 | – | 2011 | 662.3 | 1987 | 189.5 | 1983 | 2000 · USD 6.6 m 2001 · USD 0.5 m 2005 · USD 114.8 m |
| Ghana | 70.1 | – | 2024 | 103.0 | 2020 | 65.5 | 2020 | 2001 · USD 1.9 m 2003 · USD 0.7 m 2012 · USD 87.9 m 2016 · USD 8.7 m 2018 · USD 74.2 m |
| Mozambique | 21.1 | – | 2024 | 93.8 | 2013 | 34.3 | 2011 | 2 earlier, then 2009 · USD 29.1 m 2011 · USD 42.5 m 2013 · USD 77.2 m 2015 · USD 24.2 m 2017 · USD 18.8 m 2022 · USD 1.9 m |
| Cameroon | 20.4 | 20.4 | 2024 | 392.8 | 1996 | 28.6 | 1988 | 2017 · USD 57.1 m 2024 · USD 80.9 m |
| South Africa | 20.3 | – | 2019 | 471.8 | 2010 | 120.9 | 2008 | 2 earlier, then 2007 · USD 144.8 m 2008 · USD 101.4 m 2009 · USD 21.8 m 2010 · USD 16.4 m 2011 · USD 23.4 m 2012 · USD 8.1 m |
| Angola | 17.7 | – | 2008 | 171.2 | 1991 | 17.7 | 2008 | 2008 · USD 20.0 m |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 17.5 | 17.5 | 2011 | 79.2 | 1978 | 23.5 | 1978 | none |
| Egypt | 12.0 | 11.7 | 2024 | 525.7 | 1990 | 68.7 | 2009 | 1 earlier, then 2003 · USD 16.6 m 2005 · USD 32.0 m 2006 · USD 8.8 m 2007 · USD 153.5 m 2010 · USD 14.7 m 2014 · USD 4.1 m |
| Guinea | 11.8 | 11.8 | 2011 | 22.8 | 1987 | 9.6 | 1982 | none |
| Benin | 11.7 | 11.7 | 2024 | 142.0 | 1983 | 89.8 | 1982 | 2021 · USD 165.7 m 2023 · USD 0.0 m |
| Sierra Leone | 10.7 | 10.7 | 2006 | 20.5 | 1990 | 11.8 | 1980 | none |
| Niger | 6.9 | 6.9 | 1985 | 6.9 | 1985 | 1.9 | 1983 | none |
| Madagascar | 5.5 | 5.5 | 2003 | 22.6 | 1988 | 4.9 | 1981 | 2004 · USD 0.8 m |
| Morocco | 4.3 | 4.3 | 2024 | 99.9 | 2009 | 70.3 | 2008 | 2008 · USD 105.9 m 2015 · USD 29.3 m |
| Central African Republic | 3.9 | – | 1995 | 4.0 | 1989 | 1.2 | 1988 | none |
| Botswana | 3.9 | – | 2007 | 13.6 | 2000 | 10.7 | 1999 | none |
| Mauritania | 3.8 | 3.8 | 1991 | 3.9 | 1990 | 3.2 | 1987 | none |
| Tanzania | 3.4 | 3.4 | 2024 | 263.5 | 1990 | 107.5 | 2013 | 2008 · USD 120.8 m 2010 · USD 4.9 m |
| Somalia | 3.3 | 3.3 | 2023 | 9.9 | 2007 | 3.1 | 1986 | none |
| Tunisia | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2012 | 149.0 | 2004 | 132.7 | 1999 | 2001 · USD 1.0 m 2003 · USD 24.7 m |
| Kenya | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2024 | 163.4 | 1990 | 35.0 | 1986 | 2013 · USD 27.4 m |
| Chad | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1979 | 2.0 | 1978 | 0.6 | 1973 | none |
| Togo | 1.2 | 1.2 | 2009 | 21.2 | 1979 | 9.3 | 1978 | none |
| Guinea-Bissau | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1995 | 1.8 | 1991 | 0.2 | 1992 | none |
| Burkina Faso | 0.9 | – | 2016 | 25.5 | 2007 | 13.7 | 2007 | 2005 · USD 24.0 m |
| Liberia | 0.8 | – | 2008 | 34.3 | 2007 | 10.4 | 1976 | none |
| The Gambia | 0.8 | 0.8 | 2008 | 17.3 | 1985 | 8.5 | 1981 | none |
| Eritrea | 0.7 | 0.7 | 2011 | 2.6 | 2007 | 0.7 | 2002 | none |
| Malawi | 0.5 | – | 2005 | 25.7 | 1987 | 3.6 | 1975 | none |
| Senegal | 0.4 | 0.4 | 2008 | 110.9 | 2003 | 47.0 | 1980 | 2002 · USD 0.1 m 2004 · USD 2.2 m |
| Uganda | 0.2 | 0.2 | 2011 | 8.3 | 1990 | 7.0 | 1989 | 2000 · USD 5.5 m |
| Lesotho | 0.2 | 0.2 | 2009 | 46.5 | 2000 | 21.2 | 2000 | 2000 · USD 1.0 m |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1984 | 0.9 | 1982 | 0.8 | 1981 | none |
| Eswatini | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2011 | 22.3 | 1990 | 6.1 | 1987 | none |
| Mauritius | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2002 | 20.0 | 1991 | 11.4 | 1990 | none |
| Republic of the Congo | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2008 | 2.2 | 1995 | 1.4 | 1974 | none |
World Bank International Debt Statistics, counterparts 003, 018, 020, 008 and 010, summed: all public and publicly guaranteed debt to creditors there, the state and its banks together (series DPPG, as on the debt page), with the bilateral official part beside it. Sovereign and sovereign-guaranteed borrowing only.
How to read this page
- One record is
- In the aid tables, one CRS activity as each of the five reports it. In the energy table, one GEM power unit, one pipeline (its segments counted) or one cable, as the map carries them. In the series, one country and one year.
- Status
- GEM and TeleGeography records use the map's own mapping. Aid activities have no status.
- Money
- CRS commitments and disbursements are in current US dollars as reported. Net ODA is current prices. FDI stock is the OECD's net position, immediate counterpart, summed over the reporters that publish African partners. Debt is the World Bank's public and publicly guaranteed stock owed to the lender's creditors, the state and its banks together, as the debt page counts it, with the bilateral official part, the state's own claims, beside it. None of these is a project value and none is added to the map's lenders.
- Location
- Aid and the series are drawn at the country's interior point. Pipelines and cables are the map's routes, thinned; power units carry GEM's coordinates.
- Not here, and why
-
- Norway's and Sweden's investment stocks by African country are not published at the OECD's level; the national statistics publish Africa as a region.
- Norfund's, Swedfund's, IFU's and Finnfund's portfolios are published as company lists with amounts per investment on their own sites; the site does not read them yet. Norfund's is the largest and would add Globeleq's plants.
- The five providers' IATI files carry locations for many projects; the site does not read them yet.
- Submarine cables: the map's cable layer names no Nordic owner on an African landing.
- Sources and licences
-
- OECD, Creditor Reporting System, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden as providers (DAC codes 3, 18, 20, 8, 10), pooled, activity-level microdata through the SDMX API; OECD terms of use, free reuse with attribution. OECD, DAC2a, net ODA by recipient (measure 206), current prices. OECD, FDI positions by partner country (BMD4), Denmark, Finland and Iceland outward, summed.
- World Bank, International Debt Statistics, source 6, counterpart areas 003, 018, 020, 008 and 010, summed; CC BY 4.0, release of 3 Dec 2025.
- Global Energy Monitor, Global Integrated Power Tracker and Global Gas and Oil Infrastructure Trackers, as the map draws them; CC BY 4.0.
- Download
- Everything on this page, with the aid aggregates by country, year, purpose and agency, the series per country and the filtered energy records: nordics.json.